Hi, i have been playing MTG since 1996 and can give you somewhat of an idea.
1. As was said they have different levels of rarity which they show by the color of the sets symbol on the cards. Black=Common(11 in pack), Silver=Uncommon(3 in pack), Gold=Rare(1 in pack) and Red is Mythic which is 1 in 10 rares have a chance of being a Mythic.
Now that being said, that really doesn't play a huge factor on the value. Of corse it helps. But you can run into some Uncommons worth a little bit, while most rares can tend to be somewhat worthless. You will get a few in each set worth a good little bit. But the main factor on the worth is the demand for the card in Tourneys. If you have a card that seems to be very powerful in constructed decks for Tourney play, then it will be worth something. But also now that a newer style of playing(EDH) has become very popular, a lot of the older cards have gone back up in value.
2. This is a hard one as they come out with a new set every 3-4 months, I wouldn't suggest buying boxes unless your a player. It's really a 50/50 shot if the box you buy has more value in the cards then what you spent on it. Trying to go and buy older sets from past years can be expensive and is the same situation that it may not have cards worth what you paid for box. Really it's hard to buy and resell MTG cards unless your a gaming store that sells all that type stuff and buys large amounts of boxes for your store supply.
The 3 newest sets do have some nice cards in them worth around $40-$50 each. But then again your not going to get them every box, it's all randomized.
3. There is the possibilty of valuable cards in a box, but not a positive "Hit" each box.